Human UBD (Ubiquitin D) ELISA Kit

The test principle applied in this kit is Sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human UBD. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells then with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Human UBD. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Human UBD, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of Human UBD in the samples is then determined by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve. Protein Function: Ubiquitin-like protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target proteins and subsequently leads to their degradation by the 26S proteasome, in a NUB1-dependent manner (PubMed:15831455, PubMed:16707496, PubMed:19166848). Conjugation to the target protein is activated by UBA6 via adenylation of its C-terminal glycine (PubMed:17889673, PubMed:35970836). Promotes the expression of the proteasome subunit beta type-9 (PSMB9/LMP2). Regulates TNF-alpha-induced and LPS-mediated activation of the central mediator of innate immunity NF-kappa-B by promoting TNF-alpha-mediated proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinated-I-kappa-B-alpha (PubMed:19959714). Required for TNF-alpha-induced p65 nuclear translocation in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). May be involved in dendritic cell (DC) maturation, the process by which immature dendritic cells differentiate into fully competent antigen-presenting cells that initiate T-cell responses (PubMed:19028597). Mediates mitotic non-disjunction and chromosome instability, in long-term in vitro culture and cancers, by abbreviating mitotic phase and impairing the kinetochore localization of MAD2L1 during the prometaphase stage of the cell cycle (PubMed:16495226). May be involved in the formation of aggresomes when proteasome is saturated or impaired (PubMed:19033385). Mediates apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner, especially in renal epithelium and tubular cells during renal diseases such as polycystic kidney disease and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) (PubMed:16495380) [The Uniprot Consortium]