Human MUC2 (Mucin 2) ELISA (Small Sample Volume)

The test principle applied in this kit is Sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human MUC2. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells then with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Human MUC2. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Human MUC2, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of Human MUC2 in the samples is then determined by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve. Protein Function: Coats the epithelia of the intestines and other mucus membrane-containing organs to provide a protective, lubricating barrier against particles and infectious agents at mucosal surfaces (PubMed:17058067, PubMed:19432394, PubMed:33031746). Major constituent of the colon mucus, which is mainly formed by large polymeric networks of MUC2 secreted by goblet cells that cover the exposed surfaces of intestine (PubMed:19432394, PubMed:33031746). MUC2 networks form hydrogels that guard the underlying epithelium from pathogens and other hazardous matter entering from the outside world, while permitting nutrient absorption and gas exchange (PubMed:33031746, PubMed:36206754). Acts as a divalent copper chaperone that protects intestinal cells from copper toxicity and facilitates nutritional copper unptake into cells (PubMed:36206754). Binds both Cu(2+) and its reduced form, Cu(1+), at two juxtaposed binding sites: Cu(2+), once reduced to Cu(1+) by vitamin C (ascorbate) or other dietary antioxidants, transits to the other binding site (PubMed:36206754). MUC2-bound Cu(1+) is protected from oxidation in aerobic environments, and can be released for nutritional delivery to cells (PubMed:36206754). Mucin gels store antimicrobial molecules that participate in innate immunity (PubMed:33031746). Mucin glycoproteins also house and feed the microbiome, lubricate tissue surfaces, and may facilitate the removal of contaminants and waste products from the body (PubMed:33031746). Goblet cells synthesize two forms of MUC2 mucin that differ in branched chain O-glycosylation and the site of production in the colon: a (1) 'thick' mucus that wraps the microbiota to form fecal pellets is produced in the proximal, ascending colon (By similarity). 'Thick' mucus transits along the descending colon and is lubricated by a (2) 'thin' MUC2 mucus produced in the distal colon which adheres to the 'thick' mucus (By similarity) [The Uniprot Consortium]