Anti-Human CD74 Antibody Pair

Product Description: CD74 molecule (CD74), also known as the invariant chain, is a non-polymorphic transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a central role in the immune system by acting as a molecular chaperone for major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules. It stabilizes peptide-free MHC II alpha/beta heterodimers after their synthesis, promotes their exit from the endoplasmic reticulum, and directs them to endocytic compartments for antigen processing and presentation. Beyond its chaperone function, CD74 serves as a high-affinity cell surface receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and d-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT/MIF2), as well as a functional receptor for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), and regulates the transport of the angiotensin II type I receptor. Through interactions with these ligands and signaling partners such as CD44, CD74 activates multiple intracellular pathways-including PI3K/Akt, AMPK, NF-kappaB, and ERK-that influence B cell maturation, cell proliferation, and energy metabolism. Dysregulation of CD74 is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis, hepatic fibrosis, immunological disorders, and various cancers. Protein Function: Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF , Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome , Stabilizes the conformation of mature CTSL by binding to its active site and serving as a chaperone to help maintain a pool of mature enzyme in endocytic compartments and extracellular space of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Has antiviral activity by stymieing the endosomal entry of Ebola virus and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (PubMed:32855215). Disrupts cathepsin-mediated Ebola virus glycoprotein processing, which prevents viral fusion and entry. This antiviral activity is specific to p41 isoform (PubMed:32855215) [The Uniprot Consortium]