Anti-phospho-SMAD3 (Ser213) (Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 3, SMAD 3, Mothers Against DPP

SMAD3, a receptor regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) is a transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinase. SMAD3 is estimated to account for at least 80% of all TGF-beta-mediated response. Activated type I receptor phosphorylates receptor-activated SMADS (RSMADS) at their c-terminal two extreme serines in the SSXS motif. The phosphorylated R-SMAD translocate into nucleus, where they regulate transcription of target genes. SMAD3 signal transduction appears to be important in the rgulation of muscle-specific genes. Loss of SMAD3 is a feature of pediatric T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia, while upregulation of SMAD3 may be responsible for TGFB hyperresponsiveness observed in scleroderma. Applications: Suitable for use in FLISA, Western Blot, and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: FLISA: 1:1,000, Western Blot: 1:100-1:500, Immunohistochemistry: 1:50-1:100, Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4°C before opening. DO NOT FREEZE! Stable at 4°C as an undiluted liquid. Dilute only prior to immediate use. Stable for 12 months after receipt at 4°C. Freezing R-Phycoerythrin (PE) conjugates will result in a substantial loss of activity. PE conjugates are sensitive to light., , Note: Applications are based on unconjugated antibody.