Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFa, TNF-alpha, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2

TNF alpha is a 17.5kD cytokine, expressed by many different stimulated cell types including monocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and both T and B-lymphocytes. The production of TNF alpha is induced by a variety of factors, dependent upon cell type and includes bacterial toxins, IL-1, PDGF, IFN-beta, NGF, Oncostatin M and viral infections. The presence of TNF alpha is responsible for diverse immunomodulatory, anti-tumor and toxic effects and under certain conditions is also capable of self-stimulation and inhibition. , Applications:, Suitable for use in ELISA and Flow Cytometry. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilutions: Flow Cytometry: 1:10-1:100, 10ul labels 10e6 cells in 100ul. , ELISA: 1-5ug/ml, Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: Store product at 4°C if to be used immediately within two weeks. For long-term storage, aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing and store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable at -20°C for 12 months after receipt. Dilute required amount only prior to immediate use. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.