Anti-TMEPAI / PMEPA1, clone PMEPA1/2697

Prediluted in 1X PBS with 0.1 mg/ml BSA (US sourced) and 0.05% sodium azide, *For IHC use only*. PMEPA1 (prostate transmembrane protein, androgen induced 1), or TMEPAI (Transmembrane prostate androgen induced protein) is a 287 amino acid single-pass membrane protein that contains WW-binding motifs and localizes to the cell membrane. Expressed at high levels in prostate, kidney and ovary, PMEPA1/TMEPAI interacts with NEDD4 and may play a role in regulating AR (androgen receptor) levels, specifically in prostate cells. Down regulation of TMEPAI is observed in prostate tumors, suggesting that TMEPAI may exhibit activity as a tumor suppressor. Overexpression of this protein may play a role in multiple types of cancer. Protein function: Functions as a negative regulator of TGF-beta signaling and thereby probably plays a role in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, extracellular matrix production and immunosuppression. In the canonical TGF-beta pathway, ZFYVE9/SARA recruits the intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulators SMAD2 and SMAD3 to the TGF-beta receptor. Phosphorylated by the receptor, SMAD2 and SMAD3 then form a heteromeric complex with SMAD4 that translocates to the nucleus to regulate transcription. Through interaction with SMAD2 and SMAD3, LDLRAD4 may compete with ZFYVE9 and SMAD4 and prevent propagation of the intracellular signal (PubMed:20129061, PubMed:24627487). Also involved in down-regulation of the androgen receptor (AR), enhancing ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of AR, probably by recruiting NEDD4 (PubMed:18703514). [The UniProt Consortium]