Anti-MADD

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a signaling molecule that interacts with one of two receptors on cells targeted for apoptosis. The apoptotic signal is transduced inside these cells by cytoplasmic adaptor proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a death domain-containing adaptor protein that interacts with the death domain of TNF-alpha receptor 1 to activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and propagate the apoptotic signal. It is membrane-bound and expressed at a higher level in neoplastic cells than in normal cells. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008], Protein function: Guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor that regulates small GTPases of the Rab family (PubMed:20937701, PubMed:18559336). Converts GDP-bound inactive form of RAB27A and RAB27B to the GTP-bound active forms (PubMed:20937701, PubMed:18559336). Converts GDP-bound inactive form of RAB3A, RAB3C and RAB3D to the GTP-bound active forms, GTPases involved in synaptic vesicle exocytosis and vesicle secretion. Plays a role in synaptic vesicle formation and in vesicle trafficking at the neuromuscular junction. Involved in up-regulating a post-docking step of synaptic exocytosis in central synapses. Probably by binding to the motor proteins KIF1B and KIF1A, mediates motor-dependent transport of GTP-RAB3A- positive vesicles to the presynaptic nerve terminals. Plays a role in TNFA-mediated activation of the MAPK pathway, including ERK1/2 (PubMed:32761064). May link TNFRSF1A with MAP kinase activation (PubMed:9115275). May be involved in the regulation of TNFA-induced apoptosis (PubMed:11577081, PubMed:32761064). [The UniProt Consortium] Recommended dilutions: Western Blot: 1/500 - 1/2000. Immunohistochemistry: 1/100 - 1/300. Immunofluorescence: 1/200 - 1/1000. ELISA: 1/5000. Not yet tested in other applications.. Cellular localization: Cell membrane . Cytoplasm . Cell projection, axon .