Annexin A1 (human, recombinant)

Annexins are a superfamily of 13 proteins sharing a high degree of homology. They have in common a core C-terminal domain containing calcium and phospholipid binding motifs, allowing most of them to bind to phospholipid membranes in a calcium-dependent manner. The N-terminal domains vary between family members and provide unique a function. Annexin A1 is an endogenous mediator of inflammation, promoting resolution in a number of ways. Normally expressed in intracellular compartments, it is drawn to the cell membrane and both induced and externalized by glucocorticoid response pathways. The glucocorticoid-induced production and release of annexin A1 is the primary means by which glucocorticoids function as anti-inflammatory agents. Annexin A1 inhibits the synthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids by suppressing the function of sPLA2. This, in turn, limits the recruitment of neutrophils into inflammatory sites and downregulates the production of pro-inflammatory mediators by those neutrophils that enter inflammatory sites. Meanwhile, proteolytic fragments generated in response to increased expression are implicated in producing a marker for phagocytosis. Annexin A1 also functions in the resolution of inflammation by inducing neutrophil apoptosis, and promoting neutrophil clearance (efferocytosis) by macrophages. The pro-resolving functions of annexin A1 are mediated via binding to FPR2/ALX, a receptor it shares with the specific pro-resolving mediators lipoxin A4 (Cay-90410) and resolvin D1 (Cay-10012554). The molecule's regulatory role has led to investigation of the downstream effects of annexin A1, including cancer, adaptive immunity, and wound repair.Synonyms: p35, Annexin I, ANXA1, Calpactin II, Lipocortin I. Purity: >95% (estimated by SDS-PAGE). Source: Recombinant N-terminal His-tagged protein expressed in E. coli. MW: 40.48 kDa. Formulation: (Request formulation change), PBS, pH 7.4. UniProt Accession #: P04083.