Anti-TLR1

In 1X PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.09% sodium azide. Higher animals establish host defense by orchestrating innate and adaptive immunity. This is mediated by professional antigen presenting cells, i.e. dendritic cells (DCs). DCs can incorporate pathogens, produce a variety of cytokines, maturate, and present pathogen-derived peptides to T cells, thereby inducing T cell activation and differentiation. These responses are triggered by microbial recognition through type I transmembrane proteins, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on DCs. TLRs consist of ten members and each TLR is involved in recognizing a variety of microorganism-derived molecular structures. TLR ligands include cell wall components, proteins, nucleic acids, and synthetic chemical compounds, all of which can activate DCs as immune adjuvants. Each TLR can activate DCs in a similar, but distinct manner. For example, TLRs can be divided into subgroups according to their type I interferon (IFN) inducing ability. TLR2 cannot induce IFN-alpha or IFN-beta, but TLR4 can lead to IFN-beta production. Meanwhile, TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9 can induce both IFN-alpha and IFN-beta. Recent evidences suggest that cytoplamic adapters for TLRs are especially crucial for this functional heterogeneity. Protein function: Participates in the innate immune response to microbial agents. Specifically recognizes diacylated and triacylated lipopeptides. Cooperates with TLR2 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins or lipopeptides. Forms the activation cluster TLR2:TLR1:CD14 in response to triacylated lipopeptides, this cluster triggers signaling from the cell surface and subsequently is targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Acts as a coreceptor for M.tuberculosis lipoproteins LprG, LpqH and PhoS1 (pstS1), in conjunction with TLR2 and for some but not all lipoproteins CD14 and/or CD36. The lipoproteins act as agonists to modulate antigen presenting cell functions in response to the pathogen (PubMed:19362712). [The UniProt Consortium]