Anti-Siglec 11 (Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like lectins)

Siglecs (sialic acid binding Ig­like lectins) are I­type lectins that belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily. They are characterized by an N­terminal Ig­like V­set domain which mediates sialic acid binding, followed by a varying numbers of Ig­like C2­set domains. Siglecs­3 and 5­13 constitute the CD33/Siglec­3 related group, which are defined by their sequence homology and differential expression in the hematopoietic system (1­3). Mature human Siglec­11 consists of a 534 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD), a 23 aa transmembrane segment, and a 114 aa cytoplasmic domain. The ECD contains one Ig­like V­set domain, and three Ig­ like C2­set domains. The cytoplasmic domain contains two immunoreceptor tyrosine­based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) (4). A splice variant of Siglec­11 has a deletion of nearly 100aa in the extracellular juxtamembrane region. Among siglecs, the ECD of Siglec­11 is most closely related to that of Siglec­10 (82% aa sequence identity). The cytoplasmic domains of these proteins are only 20% identical. Siglec­11 is closely related to the pseudogenes Siglec­14 and Siglec­16 (4, 5). Human Siglec­11 shares 90%­96% aa sequence identity with Siglec­11 from great apes. Rodent orthologs of Siglec­11 have not been identified. In human, Siglec­11 is expressed in tissue macrophages, brain microglia, and inflammatory site monocytes (4). Strong microglial expression is specific to humans, as it is less prominent or absent in chimpanzees and orangutans (5). Siglec­11 forms 180kD disulfide­linked dimers. It shows a strong binding preference for sialic acid in alpha 2­8 linkage which is unusual for siglecs (4). A conserved arginine in the Ig­like V­set domain only partially contributes to Siglec­11 ligand recognition, in contrast to its being required in other siglecs (4). Tyrosine phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic region of Siglec­11 promotes association with the phosphatases SHP­1 and SHP­2 (4). Applications: Suitable for use in ELISA and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Immunohistochemistry: 8­25ug/ml, Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.