Anti-Rad50

Rad50 is a component of the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) complex that repairs DNA double strand breaks during DNA damage and homologous recombination and activates the S-phase checkpoint. Rad50 shows structural similarity to the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family of proteins. Rad50 has been shown to directly interact with BRCA2, TERF2IP, and ATM. Protein function: Component of the MRN complex, which plays a central role in double-strand break (DSB) repair, DNA recombination, maintenance of telomere integrity and meiosis. The complex possesses single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand-specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity, which are provided by MRE11. RAD50 may be required to bind DNA ends and hold them in close proximity. This could facilitate searches for short or long regions of sequence homology in the recombining DNA templates, and may also stimulate the activity of DNA ligases and/or restrict the nuclease activity of MRE11 to prevent nucleolytic degradation past a given point (PubMed:11741547, PubMed:9590181, PubMed:9705271, PubMed:9651580). The complex may also be required for DNA damage signaling via activation of the ATM kinase (PubMed:15064416). In telomeres the MRN complex may modulate t-loop formation (PubMed:10888888). [The UniProt Consortium]