C-Peptide

C-peptide is a peptide fragment corresponding to residues of 57-78 of proinsulin. It is a cleavage product of insulin and is co-secreted from pancreatic beta cells with insulin in response to glucose stimulation. C-peptide increases AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKalpha) phosphorylation and inhibits ROS-mediated apoptosis in glucose-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and increases nitric oxide (NO) levels in isolated rat aorta segments. It reduces initial glomerular hyperfiltration and increases the glomerular filtration rate after glycine infusion in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozotocin (STZ, Cay13104).. SMILES: O=C(O)CC[C@H](N[H])C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(N[H])=O)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(NCC(N[C@@H](CCC(N[H])=O)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@H](C(NCC(NCC(NCC(N1CCC[C@H]1C(NCC(N[C@H](C(NCC(N[C@@H](CO[H])C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(N[H])=O)C(N2CCC[C@H]2C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(NCC(N[C@@H](CO[H])C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(N[H])=O)C(O)=O)=O)CC(C)C)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC(C)C)=O)C)=O)CC(C)C)=O)=O)=O)CC(C)C)=O)=O)=O)C)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC(C)C)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC(C)C)=O)=O)=O)C)=O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C129H211N35O48/c1-58(2)42-77(155-113(195)74(31-39-102(184)185)151-127(209)105(65(15)16)162-114(196)71(25-32-88(131)167)145-95(174)54-141-126(208)104(64(13)14)161-115(197)72(26-33-89(132)168)150-118(200)80(45-61(7)8)156-121(203)83(48-103(186)187)159-112(194)73(30-38-101(182)183)148-107(189)67(18)143-109(191)69(130)24-36-99(178)179)111(193)138-50-93(172)135-49-92(171)136-55-98(177)163-40-20-22-86(163)124(206)140-51-94(173)142-66(17)106(188)137-52-96(175)146-84(56-165)122(204)157-81(46-62(9)10)119(201)152-75(27-34-90(133)169)128(210)164-41-21-23-87(164)125(207)160-78(43-59(3)4)116(198)144-68(19)108(190)154-79(44-60(5)6)117(199)149-70(29-37-100(180)181)110(192)139-53-97(176)147-85(57-166)123(205)158-82(47-63(11)12)120(202)153-76(129(211)212)28-35-91(134)170/h58-87,104-105,165-166H,20-57,130H2,1-19H3,(H2,131,167)(H2,132,168)(H2,133,169)(H2,134,170)(H,135,172)(H,136,171)(H,137,188)(H,138,193)(H,139,192)(H,140,206)(H,141,208)(H,142,173)(H,143,191)(H,144,198)(H,145,174)(H,146,175)(H,147,176)(H,148,189)(H,149,199)(H,150,200)(H,151,209)(H,152,201)(H,153,202)(H,154,190)(H,155,195)(H,156,203)(H,157,204)(H,158,205)(H,159,194)(H,160,207)(H,161,197)(H,162,196)(H,178,179)(H,180,181)(H,182,183)(H,184,185)(H,186,187)(H,211,212)/t66-,67-,68-,69-,70-,71-,72-,73-,74-,75-,76-,77-,78-,79-,80-,81-,82-,83-,84-,85-,86-,87-,104-,105-/m0/s1. InChi Key: VOUAQYXWVJDEQY-QENPJCQMSA-N