Anti-TNF alpha

This antibody is primarily directed against mature 17,000 MW human TNFalpha and is useful in determining its presence in various assays.  In general, this antibody also detects primate TNFalpha in the same formats using similar dilutions.  The antibody does not recognize human TNGß (lymphotoxin).   This IgG fraction antibody will recognize the cell-bound precursor of TNFalpha as a 26,000 protein in immunoblots, particularly in denatured samples.  This antibody is also useful for neutralization of human and primate TNFalpha activity in bioassays.  It does not neutralize the biological activity of lymphotoxin. For neutralization, it is recommended to incubate the sample with a 1:200 dilution of the antibody for at least 4 hours before being tested.  A control of similarly diluted normal rabbit IgG is recommended. Protein function: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208). Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line (PubMed:22517918). [The UniProt Consortium]