Anti-CCL2

CCL2 is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to sites of tissue injury and infection. This chemokine is produced as a protein precursor containing a signal peptide of 23 amino acids and a mature peptide of 76 amino acids. It is a monomeric polypeptide, with a total molecular weight of approximately 8.8 kDa. The cell surface receptors that bind CCL2 are CCR2 and CCR4. CCL2 is found at the site of tooth eruption and bone degradation. In the bone, CCL2 is expressed by mature osteoclasts and osteoblasts and is under the control of nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB). In human osteoclasts, CCL2 and RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) may act as an autocrine loop in human osteoclast differentiation. CCL2 causes the degranulation of basophils and mast cells, an effect potentiated by pre-treatment with IL-3 and other cytokines.