Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), also known as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), is a phorbol ester and PKC activator. It activates the PKC isoforms PKCalpha, -beta, -gamma, -delta, -epsilon, -eta, and -theta but not PKCzeta or -iota/lambda. PMA (1-10 ng/ml) induces NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression in a reporter assay. It promotes the differentiation of THP-1 monocytes into pro-inflammatory macrophages, as well as induces the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), in vitro. PMA, in combination with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA, Cay-30383), promotes papilloma formation in a rat two-stage model of skin carcinogenesis.Formal Name: tetradecanoic acid, (1aR,1bS,4aR,7aS,7bS,8R,9R,9aS)-9a-(acetyloxy)-1a,1b,4,4a,5,7a,7b,8,9,9a-decahydro-4a,7b-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,6,8-tetramethyl-5-oxo-1H-cyclopropa[3,4]benz[1,2-e]azulen-9-yl ester. CAS Number: 16561-29-8. Synonyms: PMA, 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, TPA. Molecular Formula: C36H56O8. Formula Weight: 616.8. Purity: >95%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A solid. Solubility: DMF:, DMSO:, Ethanol:, Methanol:. SMILES: O=C(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)O[C@H]1[C@](C2(C)C)(OC(C)=O)[C@]2([H])[C@@](C=C(CO)C[C@@]3(O)[C@@]4([H])C=C(C)C3=O)([H])[C@]4(O)[C@@H]1C. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C36H56O8/c1-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-29(39)43-32-24(3)35(42)27(30-33(5,6)36(30,32)44-25(4)38)20-26(22-37)21-34(41)28(35)19-23(2)31(34)40/h19-20,24,27-28,30,32,37,41-42H,7-18,21-22H2,1-6H3/t24-,27+,28-,30-,32-,34-,35-,36-/m1/s1. InChi Key: PHEDXBVPIONUQT-RGYGYFBISA-N.