Anti-Human PD1 Antibody Pair

Product Description: Programmed Cell Death 1 (PDCD1), also known as PD-1 or CD279, is a cell surface receptor that plays a critical role in regulating the immune system's response to the body's own cells. It is encoded by the PDCD1 gene and belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. PD-1 is primarily expressed on activated T cells, B cells, and macrophages, where it binds to its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2. By interacting with these ligands, PD-1 negatively regulates immune responses, preventing autoimmune diseases but potentially allowing cancer cells to evade immune attack. PD-1 inhibits T cell receptor signaling, promotes apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells, and reduces apoptosis in regulatory T cells. Protein Function: Inhibitory receptor on antigen activated T-cells that plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self (PubMed:21276005, PubMed:37208329). Delivers inhibitory signals upon binding to ligands CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2 (PubMed:21276005). Following T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement, PDCD1 associates with CD3-TCR in the immunological synapse and directly inhibits T-cell activation (By similarity). Suppresses T-cell activation through the recruitment of PTPN11/SHP-2: following ligand-binding, PDCD1 is phosphorylated within the ITSM motif, leading to the recruitment of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN11/SHP-2 that mediates dephosphorylation of key TCR proximal signaling molecules, such as ZAP70, PRKCQ/PKCtheta and CD247/CD3zeta (By similarity) , The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival (PubMed:28951311). The interaction with CD274/PDCD1L1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function (PubMed:28951311). The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy (PubMed:22658127, PubMed:25034862, PubMed:25399552) [The Uniprot Consortium]