RSPO-3, Recombinant, Mouse (R-spondin-3, Cabriolet, Cysteine-rich and Single Thrombospondin Domain-c

R­Spondin 3 (RSPO3, roof plate­specific spondin 3), also called cysteine­rich and single thrombospondin domain containing­1 (Cristin 1), is an ~31kD secreted protein that shares ~40% aa identity with the other three R­Spondin family members. All are positive modulators of Wnt/beta­catenin signaling, but each has a distinct expression pattern. Like other R­spondins, R­Spondin 3 contains two adjacent cysteine­rich furin­like domains (aa35­135) with one potential N­glycosylation site (aa 36), followed by a thrombospondin (TSP­1) motif (aa147­207) and a region rich in basic residues (aa211­269). Only the furin­like domains are needed for beta­catenin stabilization. Within aa21­209, mouse R­Spondin 3 shares 93%, 97%, 96%, 95% and 91% aa identity with human, rat, equine, bovine and canine R­Spondin 3, respectively. Potential isoforms of 217, 224 and 252 aa are divergent or truncated at the C terminus, the 252 aa form also lacks aa4­33 at the N­terminus. Mouse R­Spondin 3 is critical for development of the placental labyrinthine layer, probably by promoting VEGF expression and thus vascular development. It is also essential for expression of the placenta­specific transcription factor, Gcm1. In the mouse embryo, R­Spondin 3 is often expressed by or located near endothelial cells. It is found in the roof plate, tail, somites, otic vesicles, cephalic mesoderm, truncus arteriosus, atrioventricular canal of the developing heart, and strongly but transiently in developing limbs. R­Spondins regulate Wnt/beta­catenin by competing with the Wnt antagonist DKK­1 for binding to the Wnt co­receptors LRP­6 and Kremen, reducing their DKK­1­mediated internalization. Reports differ on whether R­Spondins bind LRP­6 directly. R­Spondin 3 has also been identified as an oncogene. Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived, Met1-His277. SDS-PAGE: 37-43kD, reducing conditions, Activity: Measured by its ability to induce activation of beta-catenin response in a Topflash Luciferase assay using HEK293T human embryonic kidney cells. The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.25-1ng/ml in the presence of 5ng/mL rmWnt3a. Endotoxin Level: <1EU/1ug (LAL) , Storage and Stability:, Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.