L-amino-acid oxidase (IL4I1), partial, recombinant human

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human). Source: E.coli. Expression Region: 30-513aa. Protein Length: Partial. Tag Info: C-terminal 6xHis-tagged. Target Protein Sequence: QDPFEKCMQD PDYEQLLKVV TWGLNRTLKP QRVIVVGAGV AGLVAAKVLS DAGHKVTILE ADNRIGGRIF TYRDQNTGWI GELGAMRMPS SHRILHKLCQ GLGLNLTKFT QYDKNTWTEV HEVKLRNYVV EKVPEKLGYA LRPQEKGHSP EDIYQMALNQ ALKDLKALGC RKAMKKFERH TLLEYLLGEG NLSRPAVQLL GDVMSEDGFF YLSFAEALRA HSCLSDRLQY SRIVGGWDLL PRALLSSLSG LVLLNAPVVA MTQGPHDVHV QIETSPPARN LKVLKADVVL LTASGPAVKR ITFSPPLPRH MQEALRRLHY VPATKVFLSF RRPFWREEHI EGGHSNTDRP SRMIFYPPPR EGALLLASYT WSDAAAAFAG LSREEALRLA LDDVAALHGP VVRQLWDGTG VVKRWAEDQH SQGGFVVQPP ALWQTEKDDW TVPYGRIYFA GEHTAYPHGW VETAVKSALR AAIKINSRKG PASD. Purity: Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Endotoxin: Not test. Biological Activity: n/a. Form: Liquid or Lyophilized powder. Buffer: If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0. Reconstitution: We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference. Storage: The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C. Notes: Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. Relevance: Secreted L-amino-acid oxidase that acts as a key immunoregulator. Has preference for L-aromatic amino acids: converts phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) to phenylpyruvic acid (PP), hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (HPP), and indole-3-pyruvic acid (I3P), respectively. Also has weak L-arginine oxidase activity. Acts as a negative regulator of anti-tumor immunity by mediating Trp degradation via an indole pyruvate pathway that activates the transcription factor AHR. IL4I1-mediated Trp catabolism generates I3P, giving rise to indole metabolites (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-aldehyde (I3A)) and kynurenic acid, which act as ligands for AHR, a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays important roles in immunity and cancer. AHR activation by indoles following IL4I1-mediated Trp degradation enhances tumor progression by promoting cancer cell motility and suppressing adaptive immunity. Also has an immunoregulatory function in some immune cells, probably by mediating Trp degradation and promoting downstream AHR activation: inhibits T-cell activation and proliferation, promotes the differentiation of naive CD4(+) T-cells into FOXP3(+) regulatory T-cells (Treg) and regulates the development and function of B-cells. Also regulates M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting T-cell activation. Also has antibacterial properties by inhibiting growth of Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria through the production of NH4(+) and H2O2. Reference: n/a. Function: nan