Palmitoyl Ethanolamide

Palmitoyl ethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty N-acyl ethanolamine and a derivative of the endocannabinoid arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA, Cay-90050). It selectively activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha, EC50 = 3.1 µM) over PPARbeta/delta and PPARgamma in HeLa cells expressing the human receptors. PEA binds to RBL-2H3 basophil membranes (IC50 = 1 nM), which endogenously express cannabinoid 2 (CB2), but not CB1, receptors, and inhibits antigen-induced serotonin release from RBL-2H3 cells (EC50 = 0.27 µM). It prevents decreases in paw withdrawal latency in a radiant heat hypersensitivity test, an effect that can be reversed by the CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716 (rimonabant, Cay-9000484), PPARgamma antagonist GW 9662 (Cay-70785), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonist capsazepine (Cay-10007518), in a mouse model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. PEA (10 mg/kg) decreases carrageenan-induced paw edema in wild-type, but not Ppara-/-, mice. It inhibits tonic convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ, Cay-18682) in rats when administered at a dose of 40 mg/kg. Formulations containing palmitoyl ethanolamide have been used as dietary supplements.Formal Name: N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-hexadecanamide. CAS Number: 544-31-0. Synonyms: Palmidrol, Palmityl Ethanolamide, PEA. Molecular Formula: C18H37NO2. Formula Weight: 299.5. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 10 mg/ml, DMSO: 5 mg/ml, Ethanol: 2 mg/ml, Ethanol:PBS (pH 7.2)(:10): .01 mg/ml. SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCO. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C18H37NO2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-18(21)19-16-17-20/h20H,2-17H2,1H3,(H,19,21). InChi Key: HXYVTAGFYLMHSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N.