Lutein

Lutein is a dietary carotenoid that has been found in eggs and yellow-colored fruits and vegetables and has diverse biological activities. It reduces hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial DNA damage and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in ARPE-19 cells when used at a concentration of 10 µM. Lutein (20 mg/kg) increases nitric oxide (NO) production and decreases serum levels of endothelin-1 (Cay-24127) in a rat model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Dietary administration of lutein (0.2%) decreases monocyte migration and lesion size in an ApoE-/- and Ldlr-/- mouse models of atherosclerosis. Lutein reduces infarct size and cardiac malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and troponin T levels, and increases cardiac levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and Nrf2 in a rat model of heart failure induced by isoproterenol (Cay-15592). It forms a retinal pigment in human eyes, and high dietary intake of lutein is positively correlated with reduced risk of age-related macular degeneration and cataracts in humans.Formal Name: (6'R)-beta,epsilon-carotene-3R,3'R-diol. CAS Number: 127-40-2. Synonyms: E 161b, Xanthophyll. Molecular Formula: C40H56O2. Formula Weight: 568.9. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: Chloroform: 5 mg/ml, DMF: 10 mg/ml, DMF:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1): 0.5 mg/ml, DMSO: 5 mg/ml. lambdamax: 268, 445, 474 nm. SMILES: O[C@@H]1CC(C)(C)[C@@H](/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C(/C=C/C=C(/C=C/C2=C(C)C[C@@H](O)CC2(C)C)C)C)C(C)=C1. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C40H56O2/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-37-33(5)25-35(41)27-39(37,7)8)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-38-34(6)26-36(42)28-40(38,9)10/h11-25,35-37,41-42H,26-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13+,18-14+,23-21+,24-22+,29-15+,30-16+,31-19+,32-20+/t35-,36+,. InChi Key: KBPHJBAIARWVSC-RGZFRNHPSA-N.