Timosaponin AIII

Timosaponin AIII (TAIII) is a steroidal saponin isolated from A. asphodeloides that has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic activities and also improves learning and memory deficits in mice. It inhibits invasive activity and COX-2 gene expression induced by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and B16-F10 melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. TAIII (25 mg/kg) significantly reduces the number of metastatic nodules in B16-F10 melanoma cell-treated mice. Oral administration of TAIII reduces 2,3,4-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colon shortening, myeloperoxidase activity, NF-kB activation, and IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 levels in mice. TAIII reduces mortality and venous thrombus weight in mice with acute thromboembolism. It inhibits acetylcholinesterase in vitro (AChE, IC50 = 35.4 µM) and improves scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits in mice, as measured using the passive avoidance test and Morris water maze.Formal Name: (3beta,5beta,25S)-spirostan-3-yl 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside. CAS Number: 41059-79-4. Synonyms: TAIII. Molecular Formula: C39H64O13. Formula Weight: 740.9. Purity: >95%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 30 mg/ml, DMSO: 30 mg/ml. lambdamax: 244, 312 nm. SMILES: O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@]2([H])[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1([H])O[C@H]3CC[C@@]4(C)[C@@](CC[C@]5([H])[C@]4([H])CC[C@@]6(C)[C@@]5([H])C[C@@]7([H])[C@]6([H])[C@H](C)[C@]8(OC[C@@H](C)CC8)O7)([H])C3. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C39H64O13/c1-18-7-12-39(47-17-18)19(2)28-25(52-39)14-24-22-6-5-20-13-21(8-10-37(20,3)23(22)9-11-38(24,28)4)48-36-34(32(45)30(43)27(16-41)50-36)51-35-33(46)31(44)29(42)26(15-40)49-35/h18-36,40-46H,5-17H2,1-4H3/t18-,19-,20+,21-,22+,23-,24-,25-,26+,27+,28-,29+,30-,31-,32-,33+,34+,35-,36+,37-,38-,39+/m0/s1. InChi Key: MMTWXUQMLQGAPC-YXOKLLKRSA-N.