Tenuazonic Acid (copper salt)

Tenuazonic acid is one of the major Alternaria mycotoxins commonly found as a natural contaminant in food (LD50 = 548 µg/egg in the chicken embryo toxicity assay). Tenuazonic acid contamination has been linked to esophageal cancer in human populations at risk of high exposure. Mice fed 100 mg/kg/day tenuazonic acid orally for 10 months developed precancerous lesions on the esophageal mucosa. Microscopic analysis of mucosal epithelial cells from these tenuazonic acid-treated animals reveal pyknosis and marked pleomorphisms in the nuclei, chromatin granulation and increased chromatin mass, irregularities in nuclear contours, and vacuolization in nucleoplasms.Formal Name: 3-acetyl-1,5-dihydro-4-hydroxy-5S-[(1S)-1-methylpropyl]-2H-pyrrol-2-one, hemicopper salt. Synonyms: AAC-toxin. Molecular Formula: C10H14NO3 . 1/2Cu. Formula Weight: 228.0. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 30 mg/ml, DMF:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1): 0.5 mg/ml, DMSO: 20 mg/ml, Ethanol: 20 mg/ml. lambdamax: 225, 291 nm. SMILES: CC[C@H](C)[C@@]1([H])C([O-])=C(C(C)=O)C(N1)=O.CC[C@H](C)[C@@]2([H])C([O-])=C(C(C)=O)C(N2)=O.[Cu+2]. InChi Code: InChI=1S/2C10H15NO3.Cu/c2*1-4-5(2)8-9(13)7(6(3)12)10(14)11-8,/h2*5,8,13H,4H2,1-3H3,(H,11,14),/q,,+2/p-2/t2*5-,8-,/m00./s1. InChi Key: IAHMFKOQYRRWFU-BDDFVKGKSA-L.