Saikosaponin A

Saikosaponin A is a triterpenoid saponin with diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, anticonvulsive, antiproliferative, and antiviral properties. Saikosaponin A reduces expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta in primary mouse macrophages stimulated by LPS. It also increases the survival rate in mice with LPS-induced lethal endotoxemia in a dose-dependent manner. Saikosaponin A (20 mg/kg, i.v., per day) reduces weight loss, brain edema, blood-brain barrier disruption, and IL-6 and TNF-alpha protein levels in the ipsilateral cortex compared to control animals in a rat model of traumatic brain injury. It also reduces the number of nasal rubs and levels of serum TNF-alpha in an ovalbumin-sensitized allergic rhinitis mouse model in vivo when administered at a dose of 8 mg/kg. It reduces the duration and frequency of epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons in a dose-dependent manner in a 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, Cay-18511) seizure model. Saikosaponin A (20 µM) decreases viability in six human colon carcinoma (HCC), H358 lung and MCF-7 breast cancer, as well as Jurkat and K582 leukemia cell lines. It also prolongs tumor growth inhibition in LoVo and SW480 HCC mouse xenograft models in vivo when used at a dose of 2 mg/kg.Formal Name: (3beta,4alpha,16beta)-13,28-epoxy-16,23-dihydroxyolean-11-en-3-yl 6-deoxy-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside. CAS Number: 20736-09-8. Molecular Formula: C42H68O13. Formula Weight: 781.0. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 30 mg/ml, DMSO: 30 mg/ml, Ethanol: 30 mg/ml, Ethanol:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:9): 0.1 mg/ml. SMILES: O[C@H]([C@H]1O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1([H])O[C@H]([C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@@]2([H])O[C@H]3CC[C@@]4(C)[C@](CC[C@]5(C)[C@]4([H])C=C[C@@]6(OC7)[C@@]5(C)C[C@H](O)[C@]87[C@@]6([H])CC(C)(C)CC8)([H])[C@@]3(CO)C. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C42H68O13/c1-21-28(46)33(55-34-31(49)30(48)29(47)22(18-43)53-34)32(50)35(52-21)54-27-10-11-37(4)23(38(27,5)19-44)8-12-39(6)24(37)9-13-42-25-16-36(2,3)14-15-41(25,20-51-42)26(45)17-40(39,42)7/h9,13,21-35,43-50H,8,10-12,14-20H2,1-7H3/t21-,22-,23-,24-,25-,26+,27+,28+,29-,30+,31-,32-,33+,34+,35+,37+,38+,39-,40+,41-,42+/m1/s1. InChi Key: KYWSCMDFVARMPN-MSSMMRRTSA-N. Origin: Plant/Bupleuri radix.