Polygalasaponin F

Polygalasaponin F is a triterpenoid saponin originally isolated from Polygala japonica and has diverse biological activities. It inhibits LPS-induced increases in TNF-alpha and nitric oxide (NO) production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels, and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB p65 in BV-2 microglia when used at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 10 µM. Polygalasaponin F (0.1, 1, and 10 µM) inhibits rotenone-induced increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential, and induction of apoptosis in PC12 cells. Intracerebroventricular administration of polygalasaponin F (1 and 10 µM) induces long-term potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus in anesthetized rats, an effect that can be prevented by the NMDA receptor inhibitor MK-801 or the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) inhibitor KN-93 (Cay-13319, Cay-13864, Cay-21472).Formal Name: (2beta,3beta,4alpha)-3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2,23-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid, O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester. CAS Number: 882664-74-6. Molecular Formula: C53H86O23. Formula Weight: 1091.2. Purity: >95%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A solid. Solubility: DMF: 15mg/mL, DMSO: 25mg/mL, DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:5): 0.16mg/mL. SMILES: OC[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1O[C@H]2[C@@H](O)C[C@]3(C)[C@@]4([H])CC=C5[C@]6([H])CC(C)(C)CC[C@]6(C(O[C@@H]7O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]7O[C@@H]8O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]9OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]9O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]8O)=O)CC[C@@]5(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]3([H])[C@]2(C)CO. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C53H86O23/c1-22-40(73-43-37(65)31(59)26(58)20-69-43)36(64)39(67)44(70-22)74-41-35(63)33(61)28(19-55)72-46(41)76-47(68)53-14-12-48(2,3)16-24(53)23-8-9-30-49(4)17-25(57)42(75-45-38(66)34(62)32(60)27(18-54)71-45)50(5,21-56)29(49)10-11-52(30,7)51(23,6)13-15-53/h8,22,24-46,54-67H,9-21H2,1-7H3/t22-,24-,25-,26+,27+,28+,29+,30+,31-,32+,33+,34-,35-,36-,37+,38+,39+,40-,41+,42-,43-,44-,45-,46-,49-,50-,51+,52+,53-/m0/s1. InChi Key: VRDCOPNSCZLBLD-JKVIPCSCSA-N. Origin: Plant/Polygala japonica.