Formononetin

White to off-white powder. Soluble in DMSO (30mg/ml), DMF (30mg/ml) or ethanol (1mg/ml). Chemical. CAS: 485-72-3. Formula: C16H12O4. MW: 268.26. Formononetin is an isoflavonoid phytoestrogenic compound found in soy-based foods and is the precursor of daidzein. It acts as an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and a selective inhibitor of ADH gamma (the gamma-isoform of alcohol dehydrogenase). It displays potent antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammatory (inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome), antioxidant, neuroprotective and neuroinflammatory properties. Also shown to have vasorelaxant, antihypertensive and antihyperglycemic (AMPK activator) properties. Induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and shows anti-angiogenic (FGFR2 inhibitor), anti-invasive and anti-migratory effects. Increases adipocyte thermogenesis by modulating PPARgamma activity. Shown to promote early fracture healing through stimulating angiogenesis by up-regulating VEGFR-2/Flk-1 and endothelial repair and wound healing in a process involving the over-expression of Egr-1 transcription factor through the regulation of the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways.