Aucubin

Aucubin is an iridoid glycoside that has been found in E. ulmoides with diverse biological activities. Aucubin (0.001-1 µg/ml) dose-dependently inhibits the IgE-stimulated secretion of IL-6 and TNF-alpha by RBL-2H3 mast cells (IC50s = 0.19 and 0.1 µg/ml, respectively). It reduces UVB-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in HS68 human foreskin fibroblasts by 57% when used at a concentration of 0.01 µg/ml. Aucubin (0.01-1 µg/ml) also dose-dependently reduces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation. In a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin (Cay-13877), aucubin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) decreases the breathing frequency, increases lung dynamic compliance, alleviates parenchymal fibrotic changes, and reduces expression of TGF-beta1 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA). Aucubin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) reduces blood glucose levels and lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidneys of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (Cay-13104). It also reduces the number of errors made in a Y-maze and enhances neuronal survival by approximately 7- and 4-fold, respectively, in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.Formal Name: (1S,4aR,5S,7aS)-1,4a,5,7a-tetrahydro-5-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside. CAS Number: 479-98-1. Molecular Formula: C15H22O9. Formula Weight: 346.3. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 30 mg/ml, DMSO: 30 mg/ml, PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml. SMILES: OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@](O[C@H]2[C@@](C(CO)=C[C@H]3O)([H])[C@@]3([H])C=CO2)([H])O1. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C15H22O9/c16-4-6-3-8(18)7-1-2-22-14(10(6)7)24-15-13(21)12(20)11(19)9(5-17)23-15/h1-3,7-21H,4-5H2/t7-,8+,9+,10+,11+,12-,13+,14-,15-/m0/s1. InChi Key: RJWJHRPNHPHBRN-FKVJWERZSA-N.