Artesunate

Artesunate is a derivative of artemisinin (Cay-11816) that is active against P. falciparum in vitro (IC50 = 1.28 nM). It is an iron(II) oxide-reactive endoperoxide that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon cleavage of its endoperoxide bridge. It inhibits the activity of the P. falciparum EXP1, a glutathione S-transferase (GST) that degrades hematin, with an IC50 value of 2.05 nM. Artesunate inhibits proliferation of germinal center B cells in vitro and prevents development of arthritis via inhibition of germinal center formation and autoantibody production in the K/BxN mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis when administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg twice per day. It also inhibits alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin (Cay-13877) in rats. Artesunate increases the activity of GST in mice infected with P. berghei compared to uninfected and infected control animals.Formal Name: butanedioic acid, 1-[(3R,5aS,6R,8aS,9R,10S,12R,12aR)-decahydro-3,6,9-trimethyl-3,12-epoxy-12H-pyrano[4,3-j]-1,2-benzodioxepin-10-yl] ester. CAS Number: 88495-63-0. Synonyms: Artesunic Acid, NSC 712571, WR 256283. Molecular Formula: C19H28O8. Formula Weight: 384.4. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 11 mg/ml, DMSO: 14 mg/ml, Ethanol: 20 mg/ml, Ethanol:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1): 0.5 mg/ml. SMILES: [H][C@]12[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(CCC(O)=O)=O)O[C@@]3([H])[C@@]1(OO4)[C@](CC[C@]4(C)O3)([H])[C@H](C)CC2. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C19H28O8/c1-10-4-5-13-11(2)16(23-15(22)7-6-14(20)21)24-17-19(13)12(10)8-9-18(3,25-17)26-27-19/h10-13,16-17H,4-9H2,1-3H3,(H,20,21)/t10-,11-,12+,13+,16-,17-,18-,19-/m1/s1. InChi Key: FIHJKUPKCHIPAT-AHIGJZGOSA-N.