Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is an analgesic and antipyretic compound. Unlike many NSAIDs, which inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2, early studies suggested that acetaminophen is a poor inhibitor of both isoforms. However, it does inhibit COX-2 by 83% and COX-1 by 56% in human blood ex vivo, albeit at a high 1,000 mg dose, with IC50 values of 25.8 and 113.7 µM, respectively. Acetaminophen is enzymatically and non-enzymatically converted to several reactive metabolites that contribute to adverse or indirect effects, including liver injury. At toxic doses, the acetaminophen metabolite N-acetyl-4-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI, Cay-16115) depletes glutathione reserves in the liver, leading to an accumulation of NAPQI and subsequent hepatocyte necrosis. Acetaminophen decreases glutathione levels and reduces glutathione peroxidase activity in mice when administered at a dose of 250 mg/kg and induces ferroptotic cell death in primary mouse hepatocytes, an effect that can be blocked by the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Cay-17729). Acetaminophen has analgesic and antipyretic properties in animal models.Formal Name: N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-acetamide. CAS Number: 103-90-2. Synonyms: 4-Acetamidophenol, APAP, 4'-Hydroxyacetanilide, NSC 3991, NSC 109028, Paracetamol. Molecular Formula: C8H9NO2. Formula Weight: 151.2. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 25 mg/ml, DMSO: 20 mg/ml, Ethanol: 25 mg/ml, PBS (pH 7.2): 2 mg/ml. lambdamax: 249 nm. SMILES: OC1=CC=C(NC(C)=O)C=C1. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C8H9NO2/c1-6(10)9-7-2-4-8(11)5-3-7/h2-5,11H,1H3,(H,9,10). InChi Key: RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N.