Acarbose

Acarbose is an oligosaccharide and inhibitor of alpha-glucosidases (IC50s = 0.16 and 2.9 µM for maltase and sucrase, respectively). It also activates phosphorylase kinase in a cell-free assay when used at a concentration of 250 µM. Acarbose (40 mg/kg in the diet) decreases urine levels of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, as well as glomerular mesangial thickening in a db/db mouse model of diabetic nephropathy. It reduces sucrose-induced increases in infarct size as a percentage of the area at risk and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in a mouse model of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by coronary artery ligation when administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg.Formal Name: O-4,6-dideoxy-4-[[(1S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]amino]-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucose. CAS Number: 56180-94-0. Synonyms: BAY-g 5421. Molecular Formula: C25H43NO18. Formula Weight: 645.6. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 20 mg/mL, DMSO: 20 mg/mL, PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/mL. SMILES: O=C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@]([C@H](O)CO)([H])O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@]1([H])O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N[C@@]3([H])C=C(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C25H43NO18/c1-7-13(26-9-2-8(3-27)14(33)18(37)15(9)34)17(36)20(39)24(41-7)44-23-12(6-30)42-25(21(40)19(23)38)43-22(11(32)5-29)16(35)10(31)4-28/h2,4,7,9-27,29-40H,3,5-6H2,1H3/t7-,9+,10+,11-,12-,13-,14-,15+,16-,17+,18+,19-,20-,21-,22-,23-,24-,2. InChi Key: CEMXHAPUFJOOSV-XGWNLRGSSA-N. Origin: Plant/Glycyrrhiza glabra.