Rat IRS1 (Insulin Receptor Substrate 1) ELISA Kit

The test principle applied in this kit is Sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat IRS1. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells then with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Rat IRS1. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Rat IRS1, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of Rat IRS1 in the samples is then determined by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve. Protein Function: Signaling adapter protein that participates in the signal transduction from two prominent receptor tyrosine kinases, insulin receptor/INSR and insulin-like growth factor I receptor/IGF1R (PubMed:12399410). Plays therefore an important role in development, growth, glucose homeostasis as well as lipid metabolism. Upon phosphorylation by the insulin receptor, functions as a signaling scaffold that propagates insulin action through binding to SH2 domain-containing proteins including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K, NCK1, NCK2, GRB2 or SHP2 (PubMed:1380456). Recruitment of GRB2 leads to the activation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor SOS1 which in turn triggers the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAPK signaling cascade (PubMed:8491186). Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway is responsible for most of insulin metabolic effects in the cell, and the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAPK is involved in the regulation of gene expression and in cooperation with the PI3K pathway regulates cell growth and differentiation (By similarity). Acts a positive regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway through suppression of DVL2 autophagy-mediated degradation leading to cell proliferation (By similarity) [The Uniprot Consortium]