Bovine OC (Osteocalcin) ELISA Kit

The test principle applied in this kit is Sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Bovine OC. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells then with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Bovine OC. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Bovine OC, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of Bovine OC in the samples is then determined by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve. Protein Function: The carboxylated form is one of the main organic components of the bone matrix, which constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein (PubMed:1068450). It acts as a negative regulator of bone formation and is required to limit bone formation without impairing bone resorption or mineralization. The carboxylated form binds strongly to apatite and calcium (By similarity) , The uncarboxylated form acts as a hormone secreted by osteoblasts, which regulates different cellular processes, such as energy metabolism, male fertility and brain development. Regulates of energy metabolism by acting as a hormone favoring pancreatic beta-cell proliferation, insulin secretion and sensitivity and energy expenditure. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin hormone also promotes testosterone production in the testes: acts as a ligand for G protein-coupled receptor GPRC6A at the surface of Leydig cells, initiating a signaling response that promotes the expression of enzymes required for testosterone synthesis in a CREB-dependent manner. Also acts as a regulator of brain development: osteocalcin hormone crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a ligand for GPR158 on neurons, initiating a signaling response that prevents neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus, favors the synthesis of all monoamine neurotransmitters and inhibits that of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Osteocalcin also crosses the placenta during pregnancy and maternal osteocalcin is required for fetal brain development [The Uniprot Consortium]