Anti-eIF2alpha (Phospho-Ser51) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Clone RM298)

eIF2alpha is the alpha subunit of eukaryotic inhibition factor 2, which also includes eIF2beta and eIF2gamma subunits and is involved in the initiation of translation. eIF2alpha is composed of a globular N-terminal domain, which contains an S1 domain and an alpha-helical domain, and a globular C-terminal domain. eIF2alpha can be phosphorylated at serine 51 by the eIF2alpha kinases HRI/EIF2AK1, PKR/EIF2AK2, PERK/EIF2AK3, and GCN2/EIF2AK4 following various cell and ER stressors, viral invasion, or nutrient deprivation, among other factors. Phosphorylation of eIF2alpha at serine 51 promotes the interaction between eIF2alpha and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which inhibits eIF2B activity and prevents the initiation of translation, reducing global protein synthesis in the cell. The transcription of specific factors involved in the integrated stress response (ISR), such as ATF4, is upregulated by eIF2alpha phosphorylation. Dephosphorylation of eIF2alpha by the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complex, which includes GADD34 and CReP, terminates the ISR and returns protein synthesis back to basal levels. Cayman's eIF2alpha (Phospho-Ser51) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Clone RM298) can be used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB) applications.Synonyms: Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Subunit 1. Immunogen: Phosphopeptide corresponding to human eIF2alpha (phospho-Ser51). Clone Designation: RM298. Formulation: (Request formulation change), 100 µl of protein A-affinity purified monoclonal antibody. Storage Buffer: PBS with 50% glycerol, 1% BSA, and 0.09% sodium azide. Host: Rabbit. Isotype: IgG. Applications: IHC, WB. Cross Reactivity: (+) eIF2alpha, (-) eIF2alpha without phosphorylation at serine 51.