Anti-NLRP3 (NALP3)

0.5mg/ml if reconstituted with 0.2ml sterile DI water. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3, also known as CIAS1, CRYOPYRIN, NALP3 or PYPAF1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP3 gene. The gene encodes a pyrin-like protein expressed predominantly in peripheral blood leukocytes. NLRP3 interacts with apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC). The encoded protein may play a role in the regulation of inflammation and apoptosis. Mutation of the proteins nucleotide-binding domain reduced ATP binding, Caspase-1 activation, IL-1b production, cell death, macromolecular complex formation, self-association, and association with ASC. Consistent with an essential role for NLRP3 inflammasomes in antifungal immunity, Gross et al.showed that deficient mice are hypersusceptible to C. albicans infection. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in response to virus or to RNA was dependent upon lysosomal maturation and reactive oxygen species production in human cells. The NLRP3 inflammasome senses obesity-associated danger signals and contributes to obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. Protein function: As the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, plays a crucial role in innate immunity and inflammation. In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex, made of NLRP3, PYCARD and CASP1 (and possibly CASP4 and CASP5). Recruitment of proCASP1 to the inflammasome promotes its activation and CASP1- catalyzed IL1B and IL18 maturation and secretion in the extracellular milieu (PubMed:28847925). Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion (PubMed:22801494). The active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses. Inflammasomes can also induce pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Under resting conditions, NLRP3 is autoinhibited. NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, reactive oxygen species, K(+) efflux, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, cytosolic dsRNA, etc. However, it is unclear what constitutes the direct NLRP3 activator. Activation in presence of cytosolic dsRNA is mediated by DHX33 (PubMed:23871209). Independently of inflammasome activation, regulates the differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and has a role in Th2 cell-dependent asthma and tumor growth. During Th2 differentiation, required for optimal IRF4 binding to IL4 promoter and for IRF4-dependent IL4 transcription. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-GRRGGNRGAG- 3'. May also participate in the transcription of IL5, IL13, GATA3, CCR3, CCR4 and MAF. [The UniProt Consortium]