Xanthohumol

Xanthohumol (XN) is one of the active ingredients from hops (and beer) that shows cancer chemopreventive and estrogenic activities. The chemopreventive activities include anti-initiating potential, modulating the activity of enzymes involved in carcinogen metabolism and detoxification in addition of scavenging reactive oxygen species, including hydroxyl- and peroxyl radicals, and to inhibit superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide production. Xanthohumol induces apoptosis in cultured 40-16 human colon cancer cells and shows inhibition of angiogenesis in vivo and related endothelial cell activities in vitro. XN repressed both the NF-kappaB and Akt pathways in endothelial cells.